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2000 ICANN Correspondence

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Date Correspondence Sender Affiliation Issue Related Correspondence
1 December 2000 Robert Verrue to Mike Roberts European Commission New Top-Level Domains
28 September 2000 Karen Rose to Michael Roberts U.S. Department of Commerce
16 August 2000 Jere Glover to Mike Roberts U.S. Small Business Administration, Office of Advocacy ICANN Process
10 August 2000 Michael M. Roberts to Erkki Liikanen European Commission .eu Top-Level Domain
6 July 2000 Erkki Liikanen to Mike Roberts European Commission .eu Top-Level Domain
8 June 2000 Louis Touton to Donald Telage U.S. COPA Commisssion
15 May 2000 Mike Roberts to Jere Glover U.S. Small Business Administration, Office of Advocacy ICANN Process
7 January 2000 Louis Touton to Roger Cochetti VeriSign Transfers of registrar sponsorship of registrations
Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."